Compared with other chemical power sources, vanadium redox flow batteries have obvious advantages, the main advantages are as follows:

1. High power

By increasing the number of monolithic cells and the electrode area, the power of vanadium redox flow batteries can be increased. Currently, the power of vanadium batteries in commercial demonstration operation in the United States has reached 6 MW.

2. Large capacity

By arbitrarily increasing the volume of the electrolyte, the power of the vanadium battery can be arbitrarily increased, up to several watt hours or more. By increasing the concentration of the electrolyte, the power of the vanadium battery can be doubled.

3. High efficiency

Due to the high catalytic activity of the electrodes of the vanadium redox flow battery, and the positive and negative active materials are stored in the positive and negative electrolyte storage tanks respectively, the self-discharge consumption of the positive and negative active materials is avoided. The charge-discharge energy conversion efficiency of vanadium batteries is as high as 75%, which is much higher than 45% of lead-acid batteries.

4. Long life

Since the positive and negative active materials of vanadium energy storage batteries only exist in the positive and negative electrolytes, respectively, there is no phase change common to other batteries during charging and discharging, and the battery can be deeply discharged without damaging the battery, and the battery has a long service life. At present, the vanadium battery module with the longest running time in commercial demonstration in Canada has been in normal operation for more than 9 years, with a charge-discharge cycle life of more than 18,000 times, much higher than the 1,000 times of stationary lead-acid batteries.

5. Fast response

The vanadium redox flow battery stack is filled with electrolyte and can be started in an instant. It only takes 0.02 seconds to switch between the charge and discharge states during operation, and the response speed is 1 millisecond.

6. Instant charging

Instantaneous charging of vanadium redox flow batteries can be achieved by changing the electrolyte.

7. High security

Vanadium batteries have no potential explosion or fire hazard, even if the positive and negative electrolytes are mixed, there is no danger, but the temperature of the electrolyte is slightly increased.

8. Low cost

In addition to ion membranes, vanadium energy storage battery components are mostly cheap carbon materials and engineering plastics, which are rich in material sources and easy to recycle, do not require precious metals as electrode catalysts, and are low-cost.

9. The vanadium redox flow battery has a large degree of freedom in site selection, can be fully automatic closed operation, no pollution, simple maintenance and low operating cost.